Prior to the war of 1812, tariffs had primarily served to raise revenues to operate the national government. With the compromise tariff of 1833 and following tariff laws, that figure fell to below one percent by 1840. Tariff, or rates of duty, after the thirtieth of june 1816, on all goods. Tariff of 1816 first real protective tariff, raised for the. The nations founders searched history for political precedents for the. Tariff of 1816 first protective tariff in american history, created primarily to shield new england manufacturers from the inflow of british goods after the war of 1812. Whereas numerous books have been written on banking, slavery, and. Pennsylvania and the tariff, 18161860 internet archive. To prevent cheap british goods from flooding the market and injuring american manufacturing, congress passed the tariff of 1816, which imposed a 20 percent. Tariff of 1816 before the war of 1812, congress had levied low tariffs on imports as a method for raising government revenue. The tariff of 1816, also known as the dallas tariff, is notable as the first tariff passed by congress with an explicit function of protecting u. Although congress adopted the first tariff in 1789, its principal purpose was to raise revenue. After the war, british competitors dumped their goods onto america at cheap prices, so america responded with the tariff of 1816, the first in u. The tariff of 1828 was a protective tariff passed by the congress of the united states on may 19, 1828, designed to protect industry in the northern united states.
Calhoun of south carolina, called the 1828 tariff a tariff of abominations because he blamed it for economic problems in the south. In response, congress in 1816 passed a tariff to protect the infant american industries. A history of americas shifting stance on tariffs at the. States rights and the national bank matthew caggia. Reread the text following the headings the tariff of 1816 and clays american system. The journal of southern history, which is edited at and sponsored by rice university, is a quarterly devoted to the history of the american south and is unrestricted as to chronological period, methodology, or southern historical topic. It would result in wealth for all the regions, not just the north. From nationalism to sectionalism in the united states, 18151850 national humanities center. A number of historical factors were important in shaping southern perceptions of the legislation. Tariff of 1816 dallas tariff, also known as dallas tariffan act to regulate the duties on imports and tonnageact of april 27, 1816 by united states. Godeys ladys book begins monthly publication continues until 1898. From 1842 to 1860, it moved up into the range of 1.
Between 1818 and 1833, tariff revenue as a percent of gdp was consistently over two percent excepting one year. The importdependent south, which had long been a victim of high tariff. Andrew jackson does not favor the bank of the united states bank as he feels it is corrupt and is cheating the common man. Lobbyists and the making of us tariff policy, 18161861. Clay and calhoun supported as part of american system. Tariff of 1816 after war of 1812 us had to handle foreign competition britain began the concept of dumping because of this it hurt the new england states and the northern manufacturers the north demanded the govt. The questions will touch on key subjects such as the first thing the tariff did of its kind and the reason it was. A tariff raises the states rights issue when the war of 1812 ended, british manufacturers wanted to destroy their american competitors by flooding the u. Daniel webster, a great spokesman for new england interests, opposed the tariff measure. Webster came to favor the tariff of 1816which protected. The tariff has long remained the ignored topic in early american history.
Presidential political era 1 17881824 englands political. New england, which had little manufacturing at the time, was the only sec. A significant shift in policy occurred in 1816, when a new law was introduced to keep the tariff level close to the wartime levelespecially protected were cotton, woolen, and iron goods the age of enterprise. What did clay believe would result from high tariffs. New england manufacturers actually desired higher rates, but had not yet developed a sufficient political presence in washington to have their way. Why did the congress pass the tariff of 1816 answers.
The republicans responded that the high tariff would protect american industry from foreign competition and guarantee high wages, high profits, and high economic growth. Spain became convinced that american annexation of florida was inevitable, and agreed to cede it to the u. It was proposed by secretary of the treasury alexander dallas to help american manufacturers. Created during the presidency of john quincy adams and enacted during the presidency of andrew jackson, it was labeled the tariff of abominations by its southern detractors because of the effects it had on the southern economy. Rates went from 5 percent to 15 percent, with an average of about 8. Tariff act of july 4, 1789 united states international trade. Another unique aspect of the tariff was the strong support it received from southern states. The tariff was increased in 1824 and again in 1828. The tariff of 1816 was the first tariff passed in the united states. View chapter 9 nationalism and sectionalism 18151828. Full text of the labor argument in the american protective tariff discussion. The tariff of 1816, also known as the dallas tariff, is notable as the first tariff passed by. When spain protested, secretary of state john quincy adams challenged spain for failing to control the indians in spanish territory.
Pennsylvania and the tariff, 1816 1860 by moore, laura mcallister. Whenever any agricultural product of chap ters 2 through 52, inclusive, is of a type i subject to a tariff rate quota and ii subject to the provisi ons of subchapter iv of chapter 99. Pride, nationalism and optimism were in the air and many were caught up in the atmosphere of boundless possibilities. Election of 1816 began the era of good feelings 1816 1824 and ended the first party system run by eastern moneyed interests who wanted protective tariffs revenue and to help industry. In 1824 and again in 1828, congress increased the tariff of 1816. Speech on the tariff bill, 1816 the calhoun institute.
It placed a tax of twentyfive percent on imported cottons and woolens for a period of three years, after which it would drop to twenty percent. American history chapter 10 section 1 flashcards quizlet. Tariffs are taxes placed on goods imported from foreign countries. First of all it raised revenue for the federal government, and second, it protected u. In his 1844 presidential bid, great compromiser henry clay argued for severe tariffs to protect american industry. Chapter 12 the second war for independence and the. Rural americans wanted low tariffs with the resulting cheaper goods. The tariff of 1816, was passed on april 27, 1816 with support from both the north and surprisingly from the south as well. Some southern patriots, war hawks like henry clay of kentucky were strident foes of british aggression and saw this tariff as a war measure and vital to the survival of the american republic. Henry clay and john calhoun backed james madisons tariff of 1816, as did exfree traders jefferson and john adams.
Search the history of over 431 billion web pages on the internet. Southern support of the tariff of 1816a reappraisal. Protective tariffs, such as the tariff of 1816, nurtured american manufacturers by a. Part of economic nationalism, and was opposed by a majority of the south. The tariff of 1828 is refered to as the tariff of abominations by john c. The tariff of 1816, placed a 2025% tax on all foreign goods. The measure of that year was passed with little opposition, and was the first tariff act since 1816 that was not affected by politics. Their efforts had an important impact on the provisions concerning cotton textiles in the tariff bill of 1816, and during the 1820s manufacturers won increasingly strong protection, culminating in the passage of the tariff of abominations in 1828. Because of a postwar upsurge in nationalism after the war of 1812, there was a strong desire to protect all things american, especially the burgeoning industrial economy. Demrep elected in 1816 served 181725 presidency had no real opposition accomplishments.
219 1344 1208 595 1226 1056 298 933 1502 1265 190 179 575 7 599 482 701 23 727 453 673 62 1215 578 1278 1033 688 940 942 534 1203 1349 813 73 414 954 1153